Those in stage 5 require assistance at all times and for all activities. This number increases with disease progression. In stage 5, people may be more prone to injuries and infections, which could cause complications or be fatal. However, most people will still have a normal or near-normal life expectancy.
In some cases, surgery may be necessary. Lifestyle changes can also help, especially in the earlier stages. Treatments in stage 1 may include physical therapy to improve balance and address muscle stiffness. Regular exercise can also be important to improve strength, flexibility, and balance.
For example, drinking plenty of water and eating enough fiber can reduce constipation. Other nutrients that a balanced diet includes, such as omega-3 fats and magnesium, may boost cognition, help with anxiety, and more. In some cases, a doctor may prescribe medications, but only if the benefits at this stage outweigh the potential side effects.
Exercise and physical therapy may still be beneficial at this stage. It may also be helpful for a person to work with a speech-language pathologist to address speech problems.
Those who are having difficulty performing everyday tasks may benefit from working with an occupational therapist. This type of therapy helps people learn new ways of performing tasks such as eating, dressing, and moving.
Instead, death tends to occur from ailments caused by the disease. These falls can lead to broken bones or even fatal outcomes. There are other potentially fatal complications that can result in death. These include accidentally breathing in foreign objects such as food, the body forming blood clots, and arterial blockage in the lungs, as well as pneumonia.
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Knowing the facts about PD and how to live with the condition is crucial to living a full life with PD and being an active participant in your care. The area is under-researched, and the research that has been done has yielded variable results. A study done at the Mayo Clinic found that overall, patients with PD had similar lifespans to those without PD, but if PD dementia or dementia with Lewy bodies were present, that did contribute to increased mortality rates. For those with typical PD without dementia, compared to the general population, they died approximately a year earlier.
Parkinson's is not a direct killer like heart attack, and there are steps individuals can take to help maintain their functioning and health. Parkinson's does not directly kill people with the condition; people with PD die from other causes, not from PD itself.
Two major causes of death for those with PD are falls and pneumonia. People with PD are at higher risk of falling , and serious falls that require surgery carry the risk of infection, adverse events with medication and anesthesia, heart failure, and blood clots from immobility.
Pneumonia is a common cause of death, and those with PD are at risk for aspiration pneumonia. In Parkinson's, the person may not be able to cough up the food or drink they aspirated, and it can remain in the lungs, eventually causing an infection. In general, the diseases that kill other people in the general population, like cancer and heart disease, are also the diseases that kill most people with PD as well.
Inaccuracies in death certificates is a known problem, stemming from lack of training and guidance. PD is not the direct cause of death for these patients, but rather complications stemming from PD may be the true cause.
Patients living with PD can take steps to ensure they get quality care from their healthcare team , as well as take good care of themselves. Staying as active as possible with help from an occupational therapist OT who can show you how to modify daily activities, eating a healthy and well-balanced diet, and taking medications as prescribed can all help optimize your health and promote well-being.
Talking with the doctor about any challenges or concerns can also help you brainstorm solutions to problems or help create a plan to address issues. Don't neglect emotional health, as well.
Depression and anxiety affect up to half of those living with PD. Mood disorders and changes like these can actually worsen symptoms and affect overall health, so proper treatment is crucial.
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