A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators.
Specific heat capacity is the amount of energy needed to change the temperature of a kilogram of a substance by 1 K.
A measure of the stiffness of a substance. It provides a measure of how difficult it is to extend a material, with a value given by the ratio of tensile strength to tensile strain.
A measure of how difficult it is to deform a material. It is given by the ratio of the shear stress to the shear strain. A measure of how difficult it is to compress a substance. It is given by the ratio of the pressure on a body to the fractional decrease in volume. A measure of the propensity of a substance to evaporate. It is defined as the equilibrium pressure exerted by the gas produced above a substance in a closed system.
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Jump to main content. Periodic Table. Glossary Allotropes Some elements exist in several different structural forms, called allotropes. Allotropes -. Glossary Group A vertical column in the periodic table. Fact box. Glossary Image explanation Murray Robertson is the artist behind the images which make up Visual Elements.
Appearance The description of the element in its natural form. Biological role The role of the element in humans, animals and plants. Natural abundance Where the element is most commonly found in nature, and how it is sourced commercially. Uses and properties. Image explanation. The image reflects the use of the element in the welding industry. Argon provides an inert atmosphere in which welded metals will not oxidise. Argon is a colourless, odourless gas that is totally inert to other substances.
Argon is often used when an inert atmosphere is needed. It is used in this way for the production of titanium and other reactive elements. It is also used by welders to protect the weld area and in incandescent light bulbs to stop oxygen from corroding the filament.
Argon is used in fluorescent tubes and low-energy light bulbs. A low-energy light bulb often contains argon gas and mercury. When it is switched on an electric discharge passes through the gas, generating UV light. The coating on the inside surface of the bulb is activated by the UV light and it glows brightly.
Double-glazed windows use argon to fill the space between the panes. The tyres of luxury cars can contain argon to protect the rubber and reduce road noise.
Biological role. Natural abundance. Argon makes up 0. Levels have gradually increased since the Earth was formed because radioactive potassium turns into argon as it decays. Argon is obtained commercially by the distillation of liquid air. Help text not available for this section currently.
Elements and Periodic Table History. Argon was discovered as a result of trying to explain why the density of nitrogen extracted from air differed from that obtained by the decomposition of ammonia. Ramsay removed all the nitrogen from the gas he had extracted from air, and did this by reacting it with hot magnesium, forming the solid magnesium nitride.
He was then left with a gas that would not react and when he examined its spectrum he saw new groups of red and green lines, confirming that it was a new element. Atomic data. Glossary Common oxidation states The oxidation state of an atom is a measure of the degree of oxidation of an atom.
Oxidation states and isotopes. Glossary Data for this section been provided by the British Geological Survey. Relative supply risk An integrated supply risk index from 1 very low risk to 10 very high risk. Recycling rate The percentage of a commodity which is recycled. Substitutability The availability of suitable substitutes for a given commodity.
Reserve distribution The percentage of the world reserves located in the country with the largest reserves. Political stability of top producer A percentile rank for the political stability of the top producing country, derived from World Bank governance indicators. Political stability of top reserve holder A percentile rank for the political stability of the country with the largest reserves, derived from World Bank governance indicators.
Supply risk. Relative supply risk Unknown Crustal abundance ppm 3. Young's modulus A measure of the stiffness of a substance. Shear modulus A measure of how difficult it is to deform a material. Bulk modulus A measure of how difficult it is to compress a substance.
Vapour pressure A measure of the propensity of a substance to evaporate. Pressure and temperature data — advanced. Listen to Argon Podcast Transcript :. Freeman, San Francisco, p.
Letters, v. Acta, v. Faure, G. Fabryka-Martin, J. Florkowski, T. Fritz and J. Fontes , Elsevier Science, New York. Loosli, H. Oeschger, H. Related Links. Periodic Table. Fundamentals of Stable Isotope Geochemistry. The result is the isotope argon Isotopes of an element have varying numbers of neutrons in the nucleus. Though inert, argon is far from rare; it makes up 0. By Chemicool's calculations, that translates to 65 trillion metric tons — and the number increases over time as potassium decays.
The first hint of argon's existence came in , when British scientist Henry Cavendish reported a seemingly inert portion of air, according to the RSC. Cavendish wasn't able to figure out what this mysterious 1 percent was; the discovery would come more than a century later, in Working concurrently and in communication with Lord Rayleigh John William Strutt , Scottish chemist William Ramsey identified and described the mysterious gas.
The two shared the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in for the discovery. Argon led to other eureka moments for Ramsey, as well. While investigating the element, he also discovered helium, according to the Nobel Prize organization. Realizing that related elements likely existed, he then found neon, krypton and xenon in quick succession. Because argon is inert, it is used in industrial processes that require a non-reactive atmosphere.
Examples, according to gas supply company Praxair , include welding specialty alloys and producing semiconductor wafers.
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